Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the eyes. It occurs when high blood sugar levels cause damage to the blood vessels in the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye that is responsible for transmitting visual images to the brain.


Symptoms of diabetic retinopathy may include blurred vision, floaters or spots in the visual field, or difficulty seeing at night. In severe cases, it can lead to vision loss or blindness.


Management of diabetic retinopathy involves controlling blood sugar levels through lifestyle changes, medications, and monitoring blood sugar levels regularly. Regular eye exams with an ophthalmologist or optometrist are also important to detect and monitor the progression of the condition.


Treatment for diabetic retinopathy may involve laser surgery to seal leaky blood vessels or to shrink abnormal blood vessels, or medication injections to reduce swelling and inflammation in the retina. In more advanced cases, surgery may be required to remove scar tissue or to repair a detached retina.


Prevention of diabetic retinopathy involves managing blood sugar levels effectively by following a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, taking medications as prescribed, and monitoring blood sugar levels regularly. It is important for people with diabetes to work closely with their healthcare provider to manage the condition and reduce the risk of complications such as diabetic retinopathy.